Ghana

The flag of Ghana was designed by Theodosia Salome Okoh and first hoisted on 6 March 1957 at independence. Its red, gold, and green bands are Pan-African colors: red commemorates the blood shed in the struggle for independence, gold represents mineral wealth and the historic Gold Coast, and green symbolizes forests, farms, and natural resources. The central black star stands for African emancipation and unity and became a national symbol associated with the country’s identity. Variants with two and three black stars were used between 1962 and 1966, after which the original single-star design was restored.