Sudan

Sudan adopted this flag on 20 May 1970. It was designed by Abdel Rahman Ahmed Al-Jali after a national competition and uses the pan-Arab colors derived from the Arab Liberation Flag. The red stripe commemorates blood shed by martyrs in the struggle for independence, the white stripe symbolizes peace and the White Flag League, the black stripe represents the Sudanese people and Mahdist heritage, and the green triangle stands for Islam, agricultural richness, natural wealth, and progress. From independence in 1956 until 1970, Sudan used a blue, yellow, and green horizontal tricolor.