Albania

The Albanian flag revives the red-and-black banner associated with Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg, who used a double-headed eagle in 1443 during resistance to the Ottoman Empire. The design was raised again at the declaration of independence in Vlorë on 28 November 1912 and became the national flag. During the communist era, a gold star was added above the eagle from 1946 to 1992. Since 1992, the flag has returned to the plain red field with the black double-headed eagle; the modern stylized eagle is attributed to Sadik Kaceli.