Burundi

The current flag of Burundi was officially adopted on 28 June 1967 after the monarchy was abolished. Its white saltire symbolizes peace, red represents the suffering and sacrifice of the independence struggle, and green stands for hope for future development. The three six-pointed stars refer to the national motto, “Unity, Work, Progress,” and are also associated with Burundi’s three main ethnic groups: Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa. An earlier 1962 version displayed a royal drum and a sorghum stalk in the central disc; these were removed in 1966 before the present star design was adopted.