Angola

Angola adopted this flag on 11 November 1975 at independence from Portugal. According to the cited sources, the red symbolizes blood shed in the anti-colonial struggle and defence of the nation, the black represents the African continent and its people, and the yellow emblem signifies the country’s wealth. The machete denotes peasantry, agricultural labour, and revolutionary struggle; the half-cogwheel stands for industrial workers and production; and the star represents international solidarity and progress. The design draws on the flag of the MPLA and reflects socialist-inspired symbolism.