Kurdistan

The Kurdistan flag emerged from early 20th-century Kurdish nationalist movements, with a tricolor first proposed in 1919 and adopted by the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan in 1920. It was later hoisted by the Republic of Mahabad in 1946. After the 1991 Iraqi Kurdish uprising, the Kurdistan Regional Government standardized the current version with a 21-rayed sun in 1992, and the Kurdistan Parliament legally recognized it in 1999. The red stripe symbolizes the blood of martyrs and the struggle for freedom and dignity, the white stripe represents peace and equality, the green stripe symbolizes the land, life, and vitality of Kurdistan, and the sun reflects renewal, rebirth, and the cultural significance of the number 21, including its association with Newroz on March 21.